• Marketing strategies increasingly productize culture and gastronomy as core hospitality offerings, integrating cultural tourism, gastronomy studies, and 4A/destination marketing frames to craft differentiated tourism experiences for global markets. [1] [14] [9] [6]

• Tourist experience is positioned as the central object of marketing and research, supported by structural models of experience, evolving hospitality concepts, and online/food-context cues. [2] [18] [19] [11]

• Identity and symbolic representations dominate advertising and heritage marketing, as self-image congruity and tourist icons shape destination image and narrative strategies. [12] [15] [8] [11]

• Methodological emphasis on satisfaction measurement, survey methodology, and bibliometric evaluation guides marketing research in tourism, ensuring robust benchmarking and theory building. [5] [4] [13] [17]

• Internationalization and cross-cultural marketing frameworks pervade the literature, with cross-border marketing, international advertising, and global hospitality strategies informing local practice. [1] [9] [8] [19]